What is volatility in forex

Written by
Krisztián G.
Fact checked by
Tamás D.
Updated
Apr 2024

Volatility is used to measure the price fluctuations of financial instruments. It is a way of measuring how much the price of an asset goes up or down in a given period of time. High volatility means that the price of a given asset can change dramatically over a short period of time, while low volatility indicates that the price is relatively stable.

The essence

  • Volatility measures the price fluctuations of a currency pair in a given period of time.
  • Major currency pairs tend to be less volatile.
  • Diversification and the use of stop-loss can help traders manage forex volatility.

What is volatility in forex?

In forex trading, volatility measures the change in the exchange rate of a currency pair in a given period of time, such as a trading day. If the price of a currency pair fluctuates 100 pips or more in a trading day, it is called a highly volatile pair. 

Generally speaking, major currency pairs (i.e. EUR/USD or GBP/USD) are less volatile while minor and exotic crosses tend to be more volatile. Having said that, financial crises or major economic/political events can trigger high volatility even in major currency pairs. 

As a forex trader, you should always take into account volatility when opening a position. If you are a risk averse person, you should adjust your trading strategy to include lower volatility. Volatility is a key indicator for deciding the size of your position and your stop-loss level.

How to use forex volatility

Measuring volatility is equally important whether you are an investor or a trader. If you are a value investor, volatility can mean opportunity, because you can buy an asset under its intrinsic value for a low price with a well-timed trade. 

If you are an FX trader, volatility can make your life harder or easier. On the negative side, volatility makes it more difficult to manage your positions and increases the probability of hitting a stop-loss. On the other hand, it can work to your advantage as a big jump in the exchange rate could increase your profits.

Measuring the volatility of a currency pair greatly helps forex traders to make informed trading decisions. Volatility measurements can be used to set stop-losses, entry and exit points in the foreign exchange market, and to determine the size of positions.

How to manage forex volatility

Forex volatility can represent a huge challenge for traders but a well-planned strategy will go a long way in addressing this challenge. Here are some tips for managing forex volatility:

  • Diversify your portfolio by spreading your investments across a range of assets with different levels of volatility.
  • Use risk management techniques such as stop-loss orders to limit your losses in the event of a rapid price movement. 
  • Use the ATR indicator - very popular with forex traders - which measures volatility taking into account any gaps in the price movement. 
  • Monitor the news to stay up to date with domestic and international developments to get a better understanding of where the market is headed. Pay close attention to central bank announcements, political events, and other economic indicators.

If you are a beginner thinking about giving forex trading a try, check out our top list of the best forex brokers in the world, compiled by our brokerage experts after testing their services with real money.

 

FAQ

What does volatility mean in forex?

In forex trading, volatility measures how large the ups and downs are for a particular currency pair. A currency with significant price fluctuations is considered to have high volatility. When a currency pair that does not fluctuate as much, it is said to have low volatility.

How is volatility used in or forex?

Measuring volatility is good for risk management, optimizing position sizes and determining stop-loss distances.

What causes high volatility in forex?

A range of factors can cause high volatility in forex markets. The market's liquidity, for instance, has a major influence on how volatile prices are. When liquidity is low, the market is more volatile and higher liquidity usually causes less volatility. Major economic releases (i.e. inflation, GDP, interest rate annoucements, etc.) can cause volatility in the foreign exchange market as well as important geoploticial events. 

 

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Further reading

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author
Krisztián Gátonyi
Author of this article
I have 15 years of experience in proprietary trading, mainly in the interbank currency market as a foreign exchange risk manager. I'm actively involved in reviewing the 100+ brokers listed on our site. I personally open accounts with real money, execute trades, test customer services. I hold an MSc in International Business from the University of Middlesex. My purpose is to help people find the best investment provider.
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