Vanguard Review 2022

Vanguard offers free stock and ETF trading and some bonds are also free to trade. Non-trading fees are low, no inactivity fee is charged and withdrawal is also free, if you use ACH transfer. On the negative side, the fees for non-free mutual funds are high. Financing rates are also high, especially in the lower volume tiers.

We ranked Vanguard's fee levels as low, average or high based on how they compare to those of all reviewed brokers.

To get things rolling, let's go over some lingo related to broker fees. What you need to keep an eye on are trading fees, and non-trading fees.

• Trading fees occur when you trade. These can be commissions, spreads, financing rates and conversion fees.
• Non-trading fees include charges not directly related to trading, like withdrawal fees or inactivity fees.

Below you will find the most relevant fees of Vanguard for each asset class. For example, in the case of stock investing, commissions are the most important fees.

We also compared Vanguard's fees with those of two similar brokers we selected, Fidelity and Firstrade. This selection is based on objective factors such as products offered, client profile, fee structure, etc. See a more detailed rundown of Vanguard alternatives.

To have a clear overview of Vanguard, let's start with the trading fees.

Vanguard trading fees

Vanguard trading fees are low. The fee structure is transparent and some fees are charged depending on the amount of assets held at Vanguard. Trading stocks and ETFs is free and the commission for non-free mutual funds is $20. Options trades carry a fee of $1 per options contract but holding assets over $1 million may exempt you from paying this fee. Treasury bonds have a $0 commissions, but clients are charged $1 per $1,000 face amount ($250 maximum) when trading CDs, US government agency securities, and corporate bonds. 

Stock fees and ETF fees

Trading stocks and ETFs at Vanguard is free of charge.

If you prefer stock trading on margin, check Vanguard's margin rates.

Margin rate is charged when you trade on margin. This means that you borrow money or stocks from your broker to trade, after which you have to pay interest. It can be a significant proportion of your trading costs.

Vanguard margin rates are generally high.

Vanguard's margin rate is volume-tiered as well. It applies a base rate of 6% plus a premium, depending on the financed amount. The base rate is set at Vanguard's discretion.

Fund fees

Vanguard's mutual fund fees are high.

We calculated with a non-free mutual fund commission, which is $20 per trade.

Vanguard does not charge a commission for its own Vanguard mutual funds and more than 3,000 non-Vanguard funds. However, if you sell the no-transaction-fee funds within 60 days after the purchase, a $50 fee is charged for the sale.

There is also a required initial investment and there is a required minimum for each additional investment.

Bond fees

Vanguard has generally low bond fees. The bond fees vary among the different bond types. We calculated the fees for Treasury bonds.

Treasury bonds are free of charge. New issues, except for municipal bonds, are also free.

If you trade non-treasury bonds on the secondary market, there is a trading fee of $1 per $1,000 face value with a $250 maximum.

Options fees

Vanguard's options fees are average.

Non-trading fees

Vanguard has low non-trading fees. It charges no inactivity and account fees if you opt for online paperwork. 

There is no withdrawal fee, if you use ACH transfer. The withdrawals to other banks using wire transfer cost $10 unless you hold $1 million or more in assets. We tested ACH, so we had no withdrawal fee.

Account opening is fully digital and user-friendly. There is no minimum account balance. However, the account opening and verification process is slow, around 2-3 business days.

Can you open an account?

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Vanguard is a US stockbroker and as such it targets primarily US clients. In this review, we tested Vanguard's services provided in the USA.

Vanguard has a global presence through the group's other subsidiaries and partners. The available product range and the form of business vary widely country-by-country. For example, in Germany, only institutional clients are served, while in the UK retail clients can open an account, as well.

What is the minimum deposit at Vanguard?

The required Vanguard minimum deposit is $0. However, there is a minimum deposit requirement if you trade on margin or prefer using Vanguard's robo-advisor.

*You trade with money borrowed from the broker, also called trading on margin.

Account types

Vanguard offers several account types.

In this review, we tested the Individual Brokerage Account.

How to open your account

Account opening is user-friendly and fully digital. The online application takes roughly 15 minutes, but the verification is a bit slower. It took 3 business days for our account to be verified.

Steps at Vanguard to open an account:

1. Choose your funding method (bank transfer, rollover, other)
2. Choose the account type
3. Add your investment goals and preferences
4. Add personal information, like Social Security Number, residency, phone number, etc.
5. State your employment status and financial profile
6. Fund your account
7. Review your information
8. Acknowledge the terms and conditions
9. Sign up for web access

It's great that Vanguard charges no deposit fee and transferring money is easy and user-friendly. Deposit and withdrawal options could be improved, though. You can use only bank transfer, and a fee is charged for wire transfer withdrawals.

Deposit fees and options

Vanguard charges no deposit fees. US clients can use checks, ACH, and wire transfers for depositing funds. Credit/debit cards and electronic wallets are not provided.

We tested the ACH transfer and it took 2 business days. You can only deposit money from accounts that are previously linked to your brokerage account and are in your name.

Vanguard withdrawal fees and options

Vanguard charges no withdrawal fees if you use ACH, but US domestic wire transfers cost $10 unless you have an account balance of more than $1 million, in which case wire transfers are free of charge.

How long does it take to withdraw money from Vanguard? We tested the ACH withdrawal and it took 2 business days.

You can only withdraw money to accounts in your name.

How do you withdraw money from Vanguard?

• Log into the account
• Go to "My accounts"
• In the "Buy&sell" menu select "Transfer money to/from your Vanguard settlement fund"
• Choose the transfer type (one time or regular), your Vanguard account, and your previously connected external account
• Add the amount you wish to withdraw
• Preview and initiate the withdrawal

Vanguard has an average web trading platform. It offers a two-step login and there is a clear fee report. The trading platform's structure is a bit confusing and some features are hard to find. Search functions could be better, too, and we missed customizability.

Vanguard has an in-house developed web trading platform that is available in English.

Look and feel

Vanguard's web trading platform is well-designed, but the structure could be improved. Sometimes it is hard to find features. It took us quite a bit, for instance, to find where we can place an order for stocks or set price alerts.

Unfortunately, the platform does not offer any customizability.

Login and security

Vanguard provides a two-step login. You can turn on and off the two-step authentication in your account under "My Account \ Account maintenance". If you do not want to receive text or voice codes, you can declare your computer a trusted device and log in with your regular ID and password combo.

Search functions

The search functions are not fully seamless. Under the "Buy & Sell" menu, select the "Trade an ETF or stock" option to access the search field. You can search both by company name or asset ticker. The search results are not always relevant or have lower relevancy.

Placing orders

You can only use basic order types, there are no sophisticated ones:

• Market
• Limit
• Stop
• Stop limit

If you are not familiar with the basic order types, read this overview.

There are also order time limits you can use:

• Day
• Good 'till cancel (60 days)

Alerts and notifications

You can set price alerts for stocks, ETFs, and mutual funds. However, only email alerts are available and setting alerts is not easy.

Click on "Stocks and other ETFs"  under the "Investing" menu. On the right side, you can sign up for alerts. To set the alerts, click on the "Enroll now" button. It would be much easier, if you could set the alerts when you search for an asset.

Portfolio and fee reports

Vanguard has clear portfolio and fee reports. You can find them under "My accounts" in "Transaction History". It is a handy table, but you can't download it.

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Vanguard offers a user-friendly and well-designed mobile trading platform. However, it lacks price alerts and you can't trade options and bonds on it.

Similarly to the web trading platform, Vanguard has an in-house developed mobile trading platform, which is called Vanguard Investors. The app is available both on iOS and Android. We tested it on iOS.

The mobile trading platform is available only in English.

Look and feel

The Vanguard mobile trading platform is user-friendly and easy to use. The app has a modern design and its structure is not confusing, contrary to the web trading platform.

Login and security

Vanguard provides a safe login. Similarly to the web platform, you can declare that you have a safe device and use a user ID & password combo. 

You can use TouchID and FaceID, as well. It's a convenient feature.

Search functions

The search functions are good. You can search both by asset name or ticker and the search results are relevant.

Placing orders

You can use the same order types and order time limits as on the web trading platform.

Alerts and notifications

You cannot set price alerts and notifications on Vanguard's mobile platform.

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Vanguard does not offer a desktop trading platform.

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Vanguard gives access to different asset classes, including stocks, ETFs, funds and options. However, the offered products cover only the US market and forex and futures are not available.

Vanguard has an average ETF and mutual fund selection. Stock, bond, and options offers are worse than average.

Stock and ETF

Vanguard gives access only to the US market. It is similar to Firstrade's offer but less than Fidelity's, which gives access to international stock exchanges as well.

Funds

The mutual fund coverage is average. It's smaller than that of Firstrade or Fidelity.

Besides Vanguard's own mutual fund offer, you will find funds from other big fund providers, like Blackrock.

Bonds

Vanguard's bond selection is low.

Vanguard's bond selection covers both government and corporate bonds.

Options

CBOE and other US options exchanges are covered, but Vanguard doesn't disclose which ones exactly.

Vanguard Personal Advisor Services

You can also use a managed account service, which is great if you need help to manage your investments. You'll get a recommendation combining the help of an expert and Vanguard's robo-advisor technology.

After you add your financial goals, the advisor recommends a portfolio that is rebalanced regularly.

The minimum investment is $50,000 and has an annual fee of 0.30% of assets.

Vanguard research tools are easy to use but limited. Fundamental data and a few trading ideas are available. However, a sophisticated charting tool and other analytical tools are missing.

Vanguard research tools can be found when you search for a product on the website. Similarly to the web trading platform, the tools are available only in English.

Trading ideas

Vanguard provides trading ideas, focusing mainly on stocks. The ideas come from third-party providers Argus and MarketGrader.

Fundamental data

Vanguard offers fundamental data. You will find basic historical financial data going back 4 years if you start a search in the "Investing"/"Stocks & other ETFs" menu. We missed peer comparison and financial metrics.

Charting

Vanguard has a very limited charting tool. You can't use trend lines and other editor tools. There are only 15 technical indicators.

News feed

The news supply on Vanguard is average. You can read it easily, but it lacks visual elements, charts or pictures. It is provided by third-parties, like Associated Press and MT Newswires.

Compare research pros and cons

Vanguard has great customer service. It provides fast and relevant answers on all available channels. On the flip side, it's not 24/7 and the live chat is missing.

You can contact Vanguard via:

• telephone
• email

Vanguard's telephone support gave relevant and helpful answers, the speed was acceptable.

On email, we got relevant answers too and it took 1-1,5 days for them to reply. 
The Help Center contains a lot of useful information, however the search relevancy is rather low. 

We missed the 24/7 availability and the live chat.

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Vanguard offers solid educational articles and videos. There are also high-quality and interactive webinars. On the flip side, the broker doesn't provide a demo account and trading platform tutorial videos.

At Vanguard you can learn in the following ways:

• General educational videos
• Webinars
• Quality educational articles

The general educational videos and the archived webinars have good quality, mostly targeting beginners or general topics such as yield curve, what is a bond, how to approach your investments, etc. There is a good amount of content targeting retirement and tax issues.

We liked the interactive webinars, however, you can not download the materials. The webinars are held once a month on average.

Besides videos, you can listen to podcasts and read downloadable PDFs. Most of these features are accessible from your account under the News&Perspectives menu. Vanguard has a well-structured info base called Vanguard blog as well.

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Vanguard is regulated by top-tier financial authorities, such as SEC and FINRA. You are also protected by a high investor protection amount; $500,000 which includes $250,000 for cash. On the other hand, negative balance protection is not provided.

Is Vanguard regulated?

Yes, it is regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA).

Is Vanguard safe?

To be certain, we highly advise to check two facts:

• how you are protected if something goes wrong
• and what the background of the broker is.

How you are protected

With Vanguard all customers are covered by the US investor protection scheme called SIPC.

The SIPC investor protection scheme shields you from the loss of cash and securities in case the broker goes bust. The limit of SIPC protection is $500,000, which includes a $250,000 limit for cash. This amount is substantially higher than the amount most investor protection schemes provide. 

Not all investments are protected by SIPC. In general, SIPC covers notes, stocks, bonds, mutual fund and other investment company shares, and other registered securities. It does not cover instruments such as unregistered investment contracts, unregistered limited partnerships, fixed annuity contracts, currency, and interests in gold, silver, or other commodity futures contracts or commodity options.

Vanguard does not provide negative balance protection.

Background

Vanguard was established in 1975. The longer track record a broker has, the more proof we have that it has successfully survived previous financial crises.

The fact that Vanguard has been in operation for a long time and is regulated by top-tier regulators is a great sign with respect to its safety.

Find your safe broker

Vanguard is one of the biggest US stockbrokers regulated by top-tier regulators.

Vanguard offers free stock, ETF trading. It doesn't charge inactivity and account fees and the account opening is easy and fully digital. The mobile trading platform is user-friendly and has a great design.

It has some drawbacks, though. The product portfolio covers only the US market and the research tools are basic. Financing rates are also high when you trade on margin.

As the non-trading fees are low and no inactivity fee is charged, feel free to try Vanguard.

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We recommend Vanguard for long-term investors looking for a great ETF and mutual fund selection.

Below you can find links to all aspects of Vanguard in this comprehensive collection.

Lower fees, lower costs?

We detailed this in our Vanguard fees article.

What about the minimum deposit?

Our ultimate guide to the Vanguard minimum deposit is updated regularly.

How to start your Vanguard account?

Look no further than our evaluation of the Vanguard account opening.

How's their trading app?

Here's our expert view after checking the Vanguard trading app.

Is the quality of customer service satisfactory?

All you need to know about the Vanguard customer service.

Legit or scam?

Is Vanguard legit features all the key aspects you need to look at to see if a broker is safe and legit.

Free or premium? Or both?

A glance at actual costs and whether Vanguard is really free.

Is this broker good for beginners?

We checked it in Is Vanguard good for beginners.

Should you buy your silver bullets on Vanguard?

Research for silver bugs in the Silver buy on Vanguard guide

I want to trade options, are they available at Vanguard?

We explored the topic in Can you trade options on Vanguard?

What is the minimum account balance at Vanguard?

Check out the current account balance requirements at Vanguard in our What is the minimum account balance at Vanguard article.

Looking for commission and fees data for Vanguard?

We collected them in Vanguard commission and fees.

How do you withdraw money from Vanguard?

We tested it and collected the options and costs in How to withdraw money on Vanguard.